![]() ![]() The adsorbents currently used include carbon-based materials, mineral materials, metal oxide materials, ion-selective materials, and biological materials. In these methods, the adsorption method is suitable for low ion concentration wastewater and large adsorption amount, but the selection of adsorbents is particularly important. 2014 Cegłowski & Schroeder 2015) and so on. 2009), membrane separation method ( Landaburu-Aguirre et al. ![]() There are many methods for removing heavy metal ions, such as ion exchange method ( Gode & Pehlivan 2006), chemical precipitation method ( Fu & Wang 2011), electrochemical treatment ( Nanseu-Njiki et al. 2015) therefore, heavy metal pollution is a major problem in today's society. ![]() Unlike organic pollutants, heavy metals are not biodegradable and accumulate in living organisms ( Awual et al. With the rapid development of electroplating equipment, mining, tanneries, batteries, paper, fertilizers, and pesticides, more and more heavy metal wastewater is directly or indirectly discharged into the environment, which has a serious impact on the ecosystem.
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